High-speed signaling system



July-1, 1924 lFiled sept. 1, 1923 H. E. HALLBORG HIGH SPEED SIGNALING SYSTEM 3. Sheets-sheen af .500 VGLT July 1,1924. 1,499,865

H. E. HALLBORG f HLGH SPEED SIGNALING SYSTEM' Filed Sept. 1. v1923 3 Sheets-Sheet@ Fig. 3

'Je 0.o. c.c. zg w l. Y fit/komaf* Patented duly l, lt.

llltillplmlllll HENRY E. HALLBORG', 0F WASHINGTON, DISTRICT OF COL'MBIA` HGEI-SPEED SIGNALING SYSTEM.

Application :filed September 1, 1923. Serial No. 680,637.

To all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that l, HENRY E. HALLBORG, a citizen ot' the United States of America, and a resident ot Washingtoin District of Columbia, have made new and useful Improvements in High-Speed Signaling Systems, ol which the following is a specifica.- tion.

My invention relates broadly to a system tor closing electrical circuits, and more particularly to a methodtor controlling a radio transmission system at high speeds.

Une oi. theolijects of my invention is to provide an arrangement of electrical circuits for controlling the rapid closing and opening or" contacts at a radio transmitting station which contacts may be connected to va.- rious parts of the radio transmitting circuits for controlling the transmission of telegraph signals at high speeds.

Another object of the invention is to .pro

vide a circuitarrangement having such char-- acteristics that-rapid de-energization of the magnet coils occurs Within a negligible difterential time period after the energy is cut off from the control circuits whereby keying of the radio signaling circuits may be obtained with negligible electrical inertia.

Another object of the invention is to provide a radio transmitting control. circuit capable of operating at the radio transmitting station from a distant control point connected by line Wire to the radio transmitting station, the electrical characteristics of the control circuits being such that positive and reliable operation for high. speed signaling is obtained.

Uther and further objects ot my invention will be understood by consideration oi the following specification and by referepce to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a schematic Wiring digram showing my control circuit applied to a` high power uniwave arc signaling system; Fig.V

2 is a Wiring diagram showing the electrical connections between the distant control line and the sets of control keys which move the contacts that are connected with the arc transmitter circuits for transmitting or suppressing the high frequency signaling energy; Fig. 3 is an elementary plan view illustrating the arrangement of opening and closing coils in each of the keys which control the position of contacts connected with the radio signaling circuits; Fig. 4 is a side elevation of .the key construction shown in Fig. 3 illustrating the arrangement of the core stampings -which carry independently the opening coils and the closing coils of the control system; Fig. 5 is an elementary diagram showing the principle involved in my invention; and Figs. 6 and 7 are fragmentary views showing the arrangement of the multiple keys used in shunting the different portions of an arc transmitting circuit.

Referring more particularly to the drawings, Fig. 1 shows an arc transmission circuit or signaling with a. single Wave with which my control system herein described has proven its effectiveness. It will be un' derstood that I have selected this transmitting circuit merely for the purpose of illustrating one applicationoi= my invention and that the invention is capable of application to other forms of circuits.

Reference character 1 indicates the power circuit which supplies the direct current energy for the arc 2. The arc is provided with the arc lield 3. A primary oscillating circuit is provided around the arc including capacity 4, inductance 5, primary coupling coil 6, and the antennaequivalent load resistance or absorbing resistance 1 4 which may be cut in or out of circuit of a series of keys represented more in detail in Fig. 6 and which for the purpose of illustrating the application of the invention has been' represented by a. single key yin Fig. 1. The primary coupling coil 6 is inductively coupled with secondary coupling coil 7 connected in the antenna ground circuit in series with antenna 8, loading coil 9, variomcter 91, ammeter 10, and ground 11. The secondary coupling'coil 7 has all or groups of its turns shunted by a series of keys 1S, as shoivn more fully in Fig. 7 and which for the purpose of illustrating the invention has been indicated by a single key across the terminals of the secondary coupling coil 7 in Fig. 1. The keys 15 and 18 have their -operating contacts 19--20 and 21-22 carried sol upon metallic arms 16 and 17. VThe arms are mounted for limited rotary movement on insulated axis members which are represented by broken lines 23 and 24. Laminated silicon steel armatures 25 and 26 are mounted to drive arms 16 and -17 about centers for closing or opening the contacts. Each key is provided with 'a plurality 0f u .separated from that portion ot the stator 37 which carries the closing coils 29 of the magnetic barrier 38.

by means steel bi-polar stator carrying one pairsoic closing lcoils, 29 and one pair of opening coils 27. The opening and closing coils 27 and 29 control the position of the laminated steel armature 25 which carries the high tenu sion contacts. rlhe opening and closing magnetic 'circuits are independent to preventlnagnetic reaction. The schematic connection of four such double acting keys is illustrated in the wiring diagram Fig. 5. IThe closing coils of keys 15 are connected in -series with the opening coils of keys 1.8. The

opening coils of keys 15 are connected in series with the closing coils of keys 18. The

-opening and closing keys 15 and `\1.8 are controlled by front and back contacts 57 and 59 of a pilot key 31 which may also\be `a double acting magnetic key. Accelerating resistances 32 cause rapid deenergization of the magnet coils by improvement of the R short circuit by the contacts ot key 31 by arm 58 connecting with contacts 57 and 59. The line\resistances 33 provide the required time constant of the magnets under -ratio for `the armature energizing coils as well as prevent possible short circuit ot the line by mal-adjustment of the contacts of key 31. The contacts of key 31 are shunted by the condensers 34 and 35 to prevent sparking.

As will be seen in Figs. 1 and 2, the pilot relay 31 is provided with closing coils 41 and opening coils 42 which are energized from the spring opened relay 43 having a winding 44 which is connected in the distant control line 45. Resistances 46 and 47 are placed in the circuits leading to the coils 41 and/42 of the ilot relay 31 and serve to expedite or accelerate de-energization of the magnet coils 41 and 42, enabling the keying system to be operated at high speeds. Resistances 48 and 49 are line ballast devices arranged in the power circuit supplying the windings of the pilot magnets 41 and 42 and also assist in the reduction of the electrical inertia of the circuit.

Each key consists ot a double laminated 'The pilot key 31 is supplied trom a source `which may be, for example, volts. `The incassa in case of breakdown without interrupting i tratlic. .The duplicate line relays are represented at 44 and 44 with switch 50 tor changing from one relay to the other. i switch 51 is provided to enable the transmitting circuits to 'be tested by `means otl local test key 52. A duplicate Apilot relay 31 is provided with pilot magnets 41 and 42 and adapted to be connected in circuit by means of switch 53.

The keys 15 and 13 are supplied from a sourcegwhich may be, :tor example, 500 volts.

determining factor in choosing voltage is the required inductance-resistance ratio ot the circuit.

En the operation ot the high speed signaling system the circuit at the control station may be closed automatically through an automatic transmitter, or otherwise, which f sends the signal over the line wire 45 into the. radio station operating the relay l/Vhen line wire 45 is energized armature is contacted. with contact 56 .shunting the closing coil 41 and energizing the opening coil 42 oi' pilot relay 31. Armature 58 will contact with contact 57 and the closing coil 29 or' keys-18 and the opening coil 27 key 15 is ile-energized, 'thereby energizing the antennae system and enablinga signal to betransmitted. When the spring tensioned armature 54 is not attracted by the magnet coil 44 or. in other words. when the line wire 45 is not energized the relay tongue 54 rests on contact shuntin the 'f opening coil 42 and Aenergizing the closing coil 41 of the pilot relay 31. Armature 53 then contacts with contact 59, thereby teenergizing opening coil 27 oit key 18 and the closing coil 29 of key 15,'thereby causing the absorbing resistance 14 to be electrically connected in the primary oscillating circuit and the secondary coupling coil 7 to be shunted, detuning the antennae system and preventing the transfer o' energy trom the primary oscillating circuit with inherent radiation.

As heretofore pointed out, l locate resist `Sti ances in the various' circuits and thereby l accelerate keying toa considerable degree,

Having described mit invention7 'i claim:

ce Fig. 2 represents thearrangement for a 1. A high speed silefnaling system, coniprising a plurality of separate sets of Ikeys, an armature for actuating each ot said keys, aplurality' of opening coils and a plurality of closing coils arranged lto actuate each of said armatures, a circuit including all of said coils inv series, a-resistaiice connected in said circuit, and means for energizing said coils, the energy being supplied to said coils by way of said resistance. l

2. A high speed signaling system, coinprising a plurality of separate sets of keys, each key in each set comprising a plurality of contacts andan armature arranged to open or close said contacts, a plurality of opening and closing coils arranged to actuate said armature, and a -circuit connection between said sets of keys including the closing coils of one set of keys and the opening coils of `the other set of keys,means for energizing said sets of keys, and a resistance connected between said energizing means and said coils whereby said contacts on one set of keys are open when said contacts on another set of keys are closed.

3. A high speed signaling system, comprising in combination a double set of keys, each set including a plurality of separate keys, and each key having a set of contacts,

'an armature, a plurality of opening coils and a plurality ofclosing coils mounted adjacent said armature, and va pair of circuits connecting said sets of keys, each circuit including a resistance, and the closing coils of one set of keys and the opening coils of the other s'et of keys connected in series wherebv said circuits may be alternately energized and the contacts of one set of keys opened when the contacts of the other set of keys are closed.

4. A high speed signaling system, comprising in combination a pair of signaling v keys, each including a plurality of sets of individual keys, a closing circuit and an opening circuit for each key,`a circuit connection includingsaid sets of keys comprising a series circuit having a resistance connectedin series with the closing circuit of each of the keys of one set and the opening circuits of each of the keys of the other set whereby said circuits may be energized causin the contacts of one set ot keys to be o ene when the contactsrof the other set o keys are closed.

5. A high speed signaling system, comprising aplurality of separate sets of keys, an armature for actuating each of said keys, a plurality of opening coils and a plurality of closing coils arranged to actuate said armature, a circuit including all of said coils in series,- a resistance connected in said circuit, and means for energizing said coils, a controlcircuit, a pilot relay and a circuit connecting said pilot relay with said coils whereby energy is supplied to said coils by way of said resistance, the closing coils of armature, a plurality of opening coils and a v plurality of closing coils mounted adjacent said armature, and a pair of circuits connecting said sets of'keys, each circuit including a resistance, the closing coils of one set of keys and the .opening coils of t-he other set of keys connected in series, a control circuit, a line relay controlled by said circuit, a pilot relay controlled by said line relay and connected with said double set of keys whereby said key circuits may be alternately energized and the contacts of one set of keys opened when the contacts of the other set o keys are closed. f f

7. A high speed signaling system, comrising in combination 'ap'air of signaling eys, each including aplurality of sets of individual keys, a closing circuitl and an opening circuit for each key, a circuit connection including said sets of keys comprising a series arrangement having a resistance connected in serieswith the closin circuit of each of the keys of one set and t e opening circuits of each of the keys of the other set, a control line, a line relay connected with said line, a pilot relay operated by said line relay, said pilot relay having a pair of coning a pair of separate sets of keys, eachkey` in each set comprising a plurality of contacts and an armature arranged to open or close said contacts, a plurality of opening and closics ing coils arranged to actuate said armature,

and a circuit connection between said sets of' keys including the closing coils of one set of keys and the opening coils of the other set of keys,\"means for alternately energizing said sets of keysa resistance connected between said energizing means and each of said sets of keys, and means for alternately de-energizing said sets of keys whereby said contacts on one set of keys are open when said contacts on said other set of keys are closed.

9. A high vspeed signaling system, com-\-.

prising means for generating su stained oscillations, a primary oscillating circuit connected with said means. a primary coupling coil connected in said circuit, a work circuit and a secondary coupling coil iiiductively connecting said work circuitI with said primary oscillating circuit, :i plurality of keys shunt.-

Y ing seid secondary coupling coil, un eiiiicisi 'iced ciic'uii wronged to be connected Withcircuit when said secoudory'coupiiixg eoii is iioi, shunteoh and series circuit connectionsiuciuding means oi' ocusiiug said keys, fe-

'seici actuating means sire energized thioug said resistances und ie-emeifgizeoi iu siiuuii with suici -i'esistu'uces l0. A high speed sigueiiugg sysiem, com prisiug meuus `foi' geiieieiiug sustained osciilutions, u primary osciiiaiug ciicuiil counecieoi Wiih said! means, sprimuiy coupling coil connecifeoi in said circuit, s, yvvoiii ciicuii;

Meegos@ midi o secondary coupling coii iuducibiveiy connecting said Work circuiefwith said; piumuiy osciiiaiing circuit, am actiiciai loud cucuits ineens 'for connecting seid urtificiaiioed circuit in seid I primary oseiiictiug circuiiJ simuituneouslywith the operatiouof means foi' shunt-ing guidi secondary 'coupling coii9 said means compi'ising keys bevi-iig e, piumiity of opening coils und a plurality of cios ing coils, the opening coils ossioi key im shunt with seid secondary coupling coi oeiug connected iu series with che closing coiis ci seioi key iu shunt Wih said ertiiciai leech ouai esisitunces connected` iii series Wiih seid coiis whereby scid coils maybe (ie-energized imsieuaaneousiy. i y

IENRY E. HALLBORG, 

